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小鋒 2023-05-22 14:05:34 

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• 匿名(ming)用戶 2023-05-22 14:05:34 

  　　最常(chang)(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)之(zhi)一(yi)是(shi)觀察(cha)者模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)，也稱為(wei)(wei)發(fa)布-訂閱(yue)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)。該(gai)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)是(shi)一(yi)種一(yi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)依賴關系(xi)，使(shi)得多(duo)個(ge)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)象(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)監(jian)聽一(yi)個(ge)主(zhu)題對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)象(xiang)(xiang)，當(dang)主(zhu)題對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)象(xiang)(xiang)發(fa)生變化時(shi)(shi)，所有(you)監(jian)聽者都能夠(gou)得到(dao)通(tong)(tong)知并(bing)作(zuo)(zuo)出相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)反應。在(zai)Javascript中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，觀察(cha)者模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)常(chang)(chang)見于(yu)事件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)程序中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，即(ji)將事件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)程序注冊為(wei)(wei)監(jian)聽器，以便在(zai)事件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)發(fa)生時(shi)(shi)執(zhi)行。另(ling)一(yi)個(ge)常(chang)(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)是(shi)命令(ling)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)，它將一(yi)個(ge)請(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)封裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)成(cheng)一(yi)個(ge)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)象(xiang)(xiang)，并(bing)將該(gai)請(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)參數、方(fang)法(fa)和(he)操作(zuo)(zuo)保存在(zai)該(gai)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)象(xiang)(xiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。該(gai)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優點(dian)在(zai)于(yu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以將請(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)將與收到(dao)請(qing)求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)象(xiang)(xiang)解耦，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)也可(ke)(ke)(ke)以實現(xian)命令(ling)撤回(hui)、重做等(deng)功能。在(zai)Javascript中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，常(chang)(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)將動態交互(hu)(hu)元素(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)事件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)封裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)成(cheng)命令(ling)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)象(xiang)(xiang)，以實現(xian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)控制操作(zuo)(zuo)。還有(you)一(yi)個(ge)常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)是(shi)策略(lve)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)，它定義了一(yi)組(zu)算(suan)法(fa)，將每個(ge)算(suan)法(fa)都封裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)起來(lai)(lai)，并(bing)使(shi)它們之(zhi)間可(ke)(ke)(ke)以相互(hu)(hu)替換。該(gai)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優點(dian)在(zai)于(yu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以靈活地選擇(ze)和(he)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)算(suan)法(fa)，并(bing)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)選擇(ze)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)算(suan)法(fa)來(lai)(lai)改變對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)象(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)行為(wei)(wei)。在(zai)Javascript中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，策略(lve)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)一(yi)系(xi)列不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)交互(hu)(hu)行為(wei)(wei)，并(bing)根(gen)據不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)操作(zuo)(zuo)選擇(ze)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)策略(lve)。此(ci)外，還有(you)其他許(xu)多(duo)事件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)計(ji)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)，比如單(dan)例模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)、組(zu)合模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)等(deng)。這些模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)都有(you)其自(zi)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)優點(dian)和(he)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)場景，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以根(gen)據具體的(de)(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)(qiu)和(he)情況選擇(ze)合適(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)。總之(zhi)，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)這些事件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)計(ji)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)，開發(fa)人員可(ke)(ke)(ke)以更好地理(li)(li)解和(he)管理(li)(li)Javascript的(de)(de)(de)(de)事件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)，提高代(dai)碼(ma)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質量和(he)可(ke)(ke)(ke)維護性。

• 匿名用戶  2023-05-22 14:05:34

  　　在 JavaScript 中，常用(yong)的(de)事(shi)(shi)(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)相關的(de)設計模(mo)式包(bao)括：1. 發(fa)布/訂閱(yue)模(mo)式(Publish/Subscribe)：也稱為(wei)觀察者(zhe)模(mo)式，通過(guo)(guo)定(ding)義(yi)一個(ge)中心事(shi)(shi)(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管理器(qi)來實(shi)現事(shi)(shi)(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)訂閱(yue)和(he)發(fa)布，不同的(de)組件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)訂閱(yue)感(gan)興趣的(de)事(shi)(shi)(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，并在事(shi)(shi)(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)發(fa)生時得到通知(zhi)。2. 委托(tuo)模(mo)式(Delegation)：也稱為(wei)事(shi)(shi)(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)委托(tuo)模(mo)式，通過(guo)(guo)將事(shi)(shi)(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)綁定(ding)到父元素上(shang)，利用(yong)事(shi)(shi)(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)冒泡機制來處(chu)(chu)理子元素的(de)事(shi)(shi)(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)減少事(shi)(shi)(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)處(chu)(chu)理程序的(de)數(shu)量(liang)，提高性能。3. 單例(li)模(mo)式(Singleton)：用(yong)于(yu)創建唯一的(de)事(shi)(shi)(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管理器(qi)或全局(ju)對(dui)象(xiang)，確保整個(ge)應用(yong)程序中只有一個(ge)實(shi)例(li)存在，方便統(tong)一管理事(shi)(shi)(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。4. 裝飾(shi)(shi)器(qi)模(mo)式(Decorator)：通過(guo)(guo)裝飾(shi)(shi)器(qi)函(han)數(shu)對(dui)事(shi)(shi)(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)處(chu)(chu)理函(han)數(shu)進行擴展或增強，實(shi)現額(e)外的(de)功能，例(li)如日志記錄、性能監控等(deng)。5. 鏈式調用(yong)模(mo)式(Chaining)：通過(guo)(guo)在事(shi)(shi)(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)處(chu)(chu)理函(han)數(shu)中返回當前(qian)對(dui)象(xiang)或者(zhe)事(shi)(shi)(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管理器(qi)實(shi)例(li)，實(shi)現連續調用(yong)多(duo)個(ge)事(shi)(shi)(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)處(chu)(chu)理函(han)數(shu)，提高代碼(ma)的(de)可(ke)(ke)讀(du)性和(he)簡(jian)潔性。

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